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A well-known example of a contrasting mindset is fixed versus growth. A mindset refers to an established set of attitudes of a person or group concerning culture, values, philosophy, frame of reference, outlook, or disposition. [1] [2] It may also arise from a person's worldview or beliefs about the meaning of life. [3]
Students followed throughout their middle school careers showed that those who possessed growth mindset tendencies made better grades and had a more positive view on the role of effort than students who possessed fixed mindset tendencies with similar abilities, two years following the initial survey. [10]
Dweck has described fixed-mindset individuals as dreading failure because it is a negative statement on their basic abilities, while growth mindset individuals don't mind or fear failure as much because they realize their performance can be improved and learning comes from failure. [14]
Zero-sum thinking perceives situations as zero-sum games, where one person's gain would be another's loss. [1] [2] [3] The term is derived from game theory.However, unlike the game theory concept, zero-sum thinking refers to a psychological construct—a person's subjective interpretation of a situation.
American exceptionalism; American nationalism; Anti-communism; Christian nationalism; Classical liberalism; Communitarianism; Constitutionalism; Culture of life
Financial products that typically come with fixed interest rates include: Traditional certificates of deposit. Fixed-rate mortgages. Home equity loans. Personal loans. Auto loans. Small business loans
For instance, if one's worldview is fixed by one's language, as according to a strong version of the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis, one would have to learn or invent a new language in order to construct a new worldview. According to Apostel, [20] a worldview is an ontology, or a descriptive model of the world. It should comprise these six elements:
The view that a "breakout" from the Malthusian trap has led to an era of sustained economic growth is explored by "unified growth theory". [4] [93] One branch of unified growth theory is devoted to the interaction between human evolution and economic development. In particular, Oded Galor and Omer Moav argue that the forces of natural selection ...