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Cyclopropane is the cycloalkane with the molecular formula (CH 2) 3, consisting of three methylene groups (CH 2) linked to each other to form a triangular ring. The small size of the ring creates substantial ring strain in the structure.
Cyclopropane derivatives are numerous. [4] Many biomolecules and pharmaceutical drugs feature the cyclopropane ring. Famous example is aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid, which is the precursor to ethylene, a plant hormone. [5] The pyrethroids are the basis of many insecticides. [6] Several cyclopropane fatty acids are known.
Structure of U-106305, a derivative of a cyclopropane fatty acid with six cyclopropane rings, isolated from Streptomyces sp. Although cyclopropanes are relatively rare in biochemistry, many cyclopropanation pathways have been identified in nature. The most common pathways involve ring closure reactions of carbocations in terpenoids.
The term itself is a general representation of electron density or configuration resembling a similar "bent" structure within small ring molecules, such as cyclopropane (C 3 H 6) or as a representation of double or triple bonds within a compound that is an alternative to the sigma and pi bond model.
Chemical structure of the cyclopropyl group. A cyclopropyl group is a chemical structure derived from cyclopropane; it is typically produced in a cyclopropanation reaction. The group has an empirical formula of C 3 H 5 and chemical bonds from each of the three carbons to both of the other two.
Cyclopropane is the smallest alicyclic compound. In organic chemistry, an alicyclic compound contains one or more all-carbon rings which may be either saturated or unsaturated, but do not have aromatic character. [1] Alicyclic compounds may have one or more aliphatic side chains attached.
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The reduced length of the double bond compared to a single bond causes the angle opposite the double bond to narrow to about 51° from the 60° angle found in cyclopropane. [3] As with cyclopropane, the carbon–carbon bonding in the ring has increased p character: the alkene carbon atoms use sp 2.68 hybridization for the ring. [4]