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  2. Treatment and control groups - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatment_and_control_groups

    A clinical control group can be a placebo arm or it can involve an old method used to address a clinical outcome when testing a new idea. For example in a study released by the British Medical Journal, in 1995 studying the effects of strict blood pressure control versus more relaxed blood pressure control in diabetic patients, the clinical control group was the diabetic patients that did not ...

  3. Random assignment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_assignment

    Random assignment or random placement is an experimental technique for assigning human participants or animal subjects to different groups in an experiment (e.g., a treatment group versus a control group) using randomization, such as by a chance procedure (e.g., flipping a coin) or a random number generator. [1]

  4. Between-group design experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Between-group_design...

    The main disadvantage with between-group designs is that they can be complex and often require a large number of participants to generate any useful and reliable data. For example, researchers testing the effectiveness of a treatment for severe depression might need two groups of twenty patients for a control and a test group. If they wanted to ...

  5. Standard treatment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_treatment

    The standard treatment, also known as the standard of care, is the medical treatment that is normally provided to people with a given condition. In many scientific studies, the control group receives the standard treatment rather than a placebo while a treatment group receives the experimental treatment. [ 1 ]

  6. Average treatment effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_treatment_effect

    Consider an example where all units are unemployed individuals, and some experience a policy intervention (the treatment group), while others do not (the control group). The causal effect of interest is the impact a job search monitoring policy (the treatment) has on the length of an unemployment spell: On average, how much shorter would one's ...

  7. Matching (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matching_(statistics)

    For example, matching the control group by gestation length and/or the number of multiple births when estimating perinatal mortality and birthweight after in vitro fertilization (IVF) is overmatching, since IVF itself increases the risk of premature birth and multiple birth.

  8. Dying To Be Free - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/dying-to-be-free...

    At Synanon, sobriety was achieved not just with mutual support but through mob-directed brainwashing. If an addict broke the rules, he faced public humiliation, such as being forced to wear a sign around his neck or shave his head. A centerpiece of the treatment was a confrontational form of group therapy that became known as the Game.

  9. Stepped-wedge trial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped-wedge_trial

    An RCT is a scientific experiment that is designed to reduce bias when testing a new medical treatment, a social intervention, or another testable hypothesis. In a traditional RCT, the researcher randomly divides the experiment participants into two groups at the same time: One group receives the treatment (the "treatment group")