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Inverse spinel structures have a different cation distribution in that all of the A cations and half of the B cations occupy octahedral sites, while the other half of the B cations occupy tetrahedral sites. An example of an inverse spinel is Fe 3 O 4, if the Fe 2+ (A 2+) ions are d 6 high-spin and the Fe 3+ (B 3+) ions are d 5 high-spin.
The red spheres are X atoms (usually oxygens), the blue spheres are B atoms (a smaller metal cation, such as Ti 4+), and the green spheres are the A atoms (a larger metal cation, such as Ca 2+). Pictured is the undistorted cubic structure; the symmetry is lowered to orthorhombic, tetragonal or trigonal in many perovskites.
In addition to these cations, gold was also shown to be a suitable candidate for cation exchange yielding a mixed-valent, and distorted, perovskite with the composition Cs 2 Au(I)Au(III)Br 6. [102] A-site cation exchange has also been shown to be a viable route for the transformation of CsPbBr 3 to MAPbBr 3 and from CsPbI 3 to FAPbI 3. [82]
Photodetectors may be used in different configurations. Single sensors may detect overall light levels. A 1-D array of photodetectors, as in a spectrophotometer or a Line scanner, may be used to measure the distribution of light along a line. A 2-D array of photodetectors may be used as an image sensor to form images from the pattern of light ...
Blue + sphere: cations; red – spheres: anions. The number of cations is larger in the EDL close to the negatively-charged surface in order to neutralize these negative charges and to maintain electroneutrality. The drawing does not explicitly show the negative charges of the surface.
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An experimental sensor for this compound is again based on PET. Interaction of saxitoxin with the sensor's crown ether moiety kills its PET process towards the fluorophore and fluorescence is switched from off to on. [4] The unusual boron moiety makes sure the fluorescence takes place in the visible light part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Outgoing Sen. Sherrod Brown talked to NBC News about his "post-Senate mission" to reorient Democrats as the "party of workers" in Middle America.