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A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses the reversible intercalation of Li + ions into electronically conducting solids to store energy. In comparison with other commercial rechargeable batteries, Li-ion batteries are characterized by higher specific energy, higher energy density, higher energy efficiency, a longer cycle life, and a longer calendar life.
LG Chem produced Korea's first lithium-ion battery in 1999 and began supplying automotive batteries for the Chevrolet Volt produced by General Motors in the late 2000s. Later, the company became a battery supplier to global car makers, including Ford, Chrysler, Audi, Renault, Volvo and SAIC Motor. [2] [3]
Example charging graph. On the left: per-cell quantities. On the right: example values for a 40 Ah, 6-cell (12 V) battery. Note: schematic illustration; not based on actual measurements. IUoU is a DIN-designation [1] (DIN 41773) for a lead-acid battery charging procedure that is also known as 3-stage charging, 3-phase charging, or 3-step charging.
A battery charger, recharger, or simply charger, [1] [2] is a device that stores energy in an electric battery by running current through it. The charging protocol—how much voltage , amperes, current, for how long and what to do when charging is complete—depends on the size and type of the battery being charged.
750 (lithium) 600/800 (Li-ion types) 3 (lithium) 3.6 (Li-ion) Cylinder +: Nub cylinder end −: Flat opposite end: H: 27 mm Ø: 15.6 mm Standard discharge current: 10 mA A common battery type in cameras and photographic equipment. In Switzerland as of 2008, these batteries accounted for 6% of lithium camera battery sales. [75] 2CR5: EL2CR5 ...
The potassium-ion battery delivers around a million cycles, due to the extraordinary electrochemical stability of potassium insertion/extraction materials such as Prussian blue. [45] The sodium-ion battery is meant for stationary storage and competes with lead–acid batteries. It aims at a low total cost of ownership per kWh of storage.
1.3 [26] 0.34 (95) [35] 1.27 (353) [36] 250–1,000 0.42 [33] Lithium–manganese dioxide: Lithium Li-MnO 2 CR Li-Mn Lithium: Manganese dioxide: No 1976 [37] 2 [38] 3 [11] 0.54–1.19 (150–330) [39] 1.1–2.6 (300–710) [39] 250–400 [39] 1 5–10 [39] Lithium–carbon monofluoride: Li-(CF) x BR Carbon monofluoride: No 1976 [37] 2 [40] 3 ...
Lithium–silicon batteries are lithium-ion batteries that employ a silicon-based anode, and lithium ions as the charge carriers. [1] Silicon based materials, generally, have a much larger specific capacity, for example, 3600 mAh/g for pristine silicon. [ 2 ]