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A set of polygons in an Euler diagram This set equals the one depicted above since both have the very same elements.. In mathematics, a set is a collection of different [1] things; [2] [3] [4] these things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other ...
This article lists mathematical properties and laws of sets, involving the set-theoretic operations of union, intersection, and complementation and the relations of set equality and set inclusion. It also provides systematic procedures for evaluating expressions, and performing calculations, involving these operations and relations.
8 Ways of defining sets/Relation to descriptive set theory. 9 More general objects still called sets. 10 See also. Toggle the table of contents. List of types of sets.
A partition of a set X is a set of non-empty subsets of X such that every element x in X is in exactly one of these subsets [2] (i.e., the subsets are nonempty mutually disjoint sets). Equivalently, a family of sets P is a partition of X if and only if all of the following conditions hold: [3]
In mathematics, an element (or member) of a set is any one of the distinct objects that belong to that set. For example, given a set called A containing the first four positive integers (= {,,,}), one could say that "3 is an element of A", expressed notationally as .
In mathematics, the algebra of sets, not to be confused with the mathematical structure of an algebra of sets, defines the properties and laws of sets, the set-theoretic operations of union, intersection, and complementation and the relations of set equality and set inclusion. It also provides systematic procedures for evaluating expressions ...
Within set theory, many collections of sets turn out to be proper classes. Examples include the class of all sets (the universal class), the class of all ordinal numbers, and the class of all cardinal numbers. One way to prove that a class is proper is to place it in bijection with the class of all ordinal numbers.
For example, "is a blood relative of" is a symmetric relation, because x is a blood relative of y if and only if y is a blood relative of x. Antisymmetric for all x, y ∈ X, if xRy and yRx then x = y. For example, ≥ is an antisymmetric relation; so is >, but vacuously (the condition in the definition is always false). [11] Asymmetric
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