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John Locke's portrait by Godfrey Kneller, National Portrait Gallery, London. John Locke (/ l ɒ k /; 29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704 ()) [13] was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of the Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "father of liberalism".
John Locke: 1632–1704: English: Philosopher. Important empiricist who expanded and extended the work of Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes. Seminal thinker in the realm of the relationship between the state and the individual, the contractual basis of the state and the rule of law. Argued for personal liberty emphasizing the rights of property.
Locke, one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers, [56] based his governance philosophy in social contract theory, a subject that permeated Enlightenment political thought. English philosopher Thomas Hobbes ushered in this new debate with his work Leviathan in 1651.
John Locke at Project Gutenberg, including the Essay. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on John Locke; Site containing a version of this work, slightly modified for easier reading; EpistemeLinks; An Essay Concerning Human Understanding public domain audiobook at LibriVox 'Hayy ibn Yaqdhan' and the European Enlightenment
The 18th century, often known as the Age of Enlightenment, included such early modern figures as John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume. [2] The term is sometimes used more broadly, including earlier thinkers from the 16th century such as Niccolò Machiavelli, Martin Luther, John Calvin, Michel de Montaigne, and Francis Bacon. [4]
Two Treatises of Government, written by John Locke, developed the idea of "right of revolution". This notion was used as a basis for the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Perhaps no other major philosopher wrote as much about the right of revolution as Enlightenment thinker John Locke.
Locke's work appeared amidst a fear that Catholicism might be taking over England and responds to the problem of religion and government by proposing religious toleration as the answer. This "letter" is addressed to an anonymous "Honored Sir": this was Locke's close friend Philipp van Limborch, who published it without Locke's knowledge. [1]
John Locke. John Locke's (England, 1632–1704) notion that a "government with the consent of the governed" and man's natural rights—life, liberty, and estate as well on tolerance, as laid down in A letter concerning toleration and Two treatises of government—had an enormous influence on the development of liberalism. Locke developed a ...