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Debris flows tend to move in a series of pulses, or discrete surges, wherein each pulse or surge has a distinctive head, body and tail. A debris flow in Ladakh, triggered by storms in 2010. It has poor sorting and levees. Steep source catchment is visible in background. Debris-flow deposits are readily recognizable in the field.
A lahar (/ ˈ l ɑː h ɑːr /, from Javanese: ꦮ꧀ꦭꦲꦂ) is a violent type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley. [1] Lahars are often extremely destructive and deadly; they can flow tens of metres per second ...
Debris flow deposits take the form of long, narrow tracks of very poorly sorted material. These may have natural levees at the sides of the tracks, and sometimes consist of lenses of rock fragments alternating with lenses of fine-grained earthy material. [20] Debris flows often form much of the upper slopes of alluvial fans. [22]
However, also dry debris can exhibit flow-like movement. [30] Flowing debris or mud may pick up trees, houses and cars, and block bridges and rivers causing flooding along its path. This phenomenon is particularly hazardous in alpine areas, where narrow gorges and steep valleys are conducive of faster flows. Debris and mud flows may initiate on ...
The point where a muddy material begins to flow depends on its grain size, the water content, and the slope of the topography. Fine grained material like mud or sand can be mobilized by shallower flows than a coarse sediment or a debris flow. Higher water content (higher precipitation/overland flow) also increases the potential to initiate a ...
Debris (UK: / ˈ d ɛ b r iː, ˈ d eɪ b r iː /, US: / d ə ˈ b r iː /) is rubble, wreckage, ruins, litter and discarded garbage/refuse/trash, scattered remains of something destroyed, or, as in geology, large rock fragments left by a melting glacier, etc. Depending on context, debris can refer to a number of different things.
This type of grading is relatively uncommon but is characteristic of sediments deposited by grain flow and debris flow. [2] A favored explanation for reverse grading in these processes is kinetic sieving. [3] It is also observed in aeolian processes, such as in pyroclastic fall deposits. [4] These deposition processes are examples of granular ...
Large masses of material are moved in debris flows, hyperconcentrated mixtures of mud, clasts that range up to boulder-size, and water. Debris flows move as granular flows down steep mountain valleys and washes. Because they transport sediment as a granular mixture, their transport mechanisms and capacities scale differently from those of ...