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2. Ducted fan - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ducted_fan

   In aeronautics, a ducted fan is a thrust-generating mechanical fan or propeller mounted within a cylindrical duct or shroud. Other terms include ducted propeller or shrouded propeller . [ 1 ] When used in vertical takeoff and landing ( VTOL ) applications it is also known as a shrouded rotor .

3. Propfan - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propfan

   A propfan, also called an open rotor engine, open fan engine [1] [2] or unducted fan (as opposed to a ducted fan), is a type of aircraft engine related in concept to both the turboprop and turbofan, but distinct from both. The design is intended to offer the speed and performance of a turbofan, with the fuel economy of a turboprop.

4. Ducted propeller - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ducted_propeller

   A ducted propeller, also known as a Kort nozzle, is a marine propeller fitted with a non-rotating nozzle. It is used to improve the efficiency of the propeller and is especially used on heavily loaded propellers or propellers with limited diameter. It was developed first by Luigi Stipa (1931) and later by Ludwig Kort (1934). The Kort nozzle is ...

5. Propeller (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propeller_(aeronautics)

   While there is a loss in efficiency as the fan is drawing on a smaller area of the free stream and so using less air, this is balanced by the ducted fan retaining efficiency at higher speeds where conventional propeller efficiency would be poor. A ducted fan or propeller also has certain benefits at lower speeds but the duct needs to be shaped ...

6. Propulsive efficiency - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsive_efficiency

   The propulsive efficiency is always less than one, because conservation of momentum requires that the exhaust have some of the kinetic energy, and the propulsive mechanism (whether propeller, jet exhaust, or ducted fan) is never perfectly efficient. It is greatly dependent on exhaust expulsion velocity and airspeed.

7. Fenestron - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenestron

   The Fenestron's disadvantages are those common to all ducted fans when compared to propellers. They include: Greater weight, [23] power requirement, [24] and air resistance brought by the enclosure; Higher construction and purchasing cost. [19] Increase in power required during the hover phase of flight. [19]