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Overture (from French ouverture, lit. "opening") is a music instrumental introduction to a ballet, opera, or oratorio in the 17th century. [1] During the early Romantic era, composers such as Beethoven and Mendelssohn composed overtures which were independent, self-existing, instrumental, programmatic works that foreshadowed genres such as the symphonic poem.
Many classical compositions belong to a numbered series of works of a similar type by the same composer. For example, Beethoven wrote 9 symphonies, 10 violin sonatas, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos, 16 string quartets, 7 piano trios and other works, all of which are numbered sequentially within their genres and generally referred to by their sequence numbers, keys and opus numbers.
Style Earliest historical period Notes Carnatic music: At least 6th century AD (as Indian classical music), split from Hindustani classical music in the 16th and 17th centuries. [2] [3]: 249 Hindustani classical music: At least 6th century AD (as Indian classical music), split from Carnatic music in the 16th and 17th centuries. [2] [4] Klasik
An overture is incidental music that is played usually at the beginning of a film, play, opera, etc., before the action begins. It may be a complete work of music in itself or just a simple tune. In some cases it incorporates musical themes that are later repeated in other incidental music used during the performance.
Next to the actual, finalized Fidelio overture, this is the most commonly performed version, and still sometimes replaces the Fidelio overture in some productions. Egmont Overture , Op. 84 Wellington's Victory , Op. 91 is also known as the Battle Symphony and describes the battle between the French and British armies outside the Spanish town of ...
Musical overtures can be: Instrumental pieces that precede a stage production; One-movement pieces for concert performance or specific occasions (concert overtures); Baroque suites, in that case synonym to "Ouverture".
The overture was frequently followed by a series of dance tunes before the curtain rose. This overture style was also used in English opera, most notably in Henry Purcell's Dido and Aeneas. Handel also uses the French overture form in some of his Italian operas such as Giulio Cesare. [52]
Later examples can be found as the opening movement of each of Johann Sebastian Bach's orchestral suites, Partita in D major, BWV 828, C minor Cello Suite, BWV 1011, and as an opening to many operas and oratorios by George Frideric Handel (including Messiah and Giulio Cesare). The 16th of Bach's Goldberg Variations is a miniature French overture.