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Wood slabs can also become warped as a result of insufficient support from underlying shelf hardware (commonly referred to as sagging or bowing). [2] The types of wood warping include: bow: a warp along the length of the face of the wood; crook: a warp along the length of the edge of the wood; kink: a localized crook, often due to a knot
Radiography reveals the type, condition and density of the wood, as well as any pest damage or activity. [18] [19] Furniture and Larder Beetles [20] can burrow into wood compromising its internal structure and should be treated before proceeding with the restoration. IR, raking light photography, and low-magnification observation are useful in ...
Visual grading is performed so that any warping in the lumber is prevented from affecting the pressure the bond line can withstand. It also ensures that waning, defects in the wood due to bark or missing wood due to the curvature of the log, does not significantly reduce the available bonding surface.
Thermally modified wood is engineered wood that has been modified by a controlled pyrolysis process of wood being heated to (> 180 °C) in an oxygen free atmosphere. This process changes to the chemical structures of wood's cell wall components lignin , cellulose and hemicellulose which decreases its hygroscopy and thus increases dimensional ...
While plywood became widespread by the early 20th century, the invention of LVL was not until the 1980s after the invention of oriented strand board. [3] The American Wood Council's National Design Specification for Wood Construction is generally updated on a 3- to 5-year cycle. The 1991 release is the first release which mentions LVL.
The PTI wood products are very well adapted for paint and stain applications with no bleed-through. The addition of the wax stabilizer allows a lower preservative retention plus substantially reduces the tendency of wood to warp and split as it dries.
Rift sawing is a woodworking process that aims to produce lumber that is less vulnerable to distortion than flat-sawn lumber. Rift-sawing may be done strictly along a log's radials—perpendicular to the annular growth ring orientation or wood grain—or as part of the quarter sawing process.
If the relative humidity is too low the wood will release some of its moisture into the air and dry out. Conversely, if the relative humidity is too high, the wood absorbs water from the air and expands. Rapid fluctuations in humidity can lead to warping, loosening of joints, and splitting.