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Asexual reproduction in plants occurs in two fundamental forms, vegetative reproduction and agamospermy. [1] Vegetative reproduction involves a vegetative piece of the original plant producing new individuals by budding, tillering , etc. and is distinguished from apomixis , which is a replacement of sexual reproduction, and in some cases ...
Mold spores can be asexual (the products of mitosis) or sexual (the products of meiosis); many species can produce both types. Some molds produce small, hydrophobic spores that are adapted for wind dispersal and may remain airborne for long periods; in some the cell walls are darkly pigmented, providing resistance to damage by ultraviolet ...
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes. The offspring that arise by asexual reproduction from either unicellular or multicellular organisms inherit the full set of genes of their single parent and thus the newly created individual is genetically and ...
Mucor mucedo (type species) use asexual reproduction. When erect hyphal sporangiophores are formed, the tip of the sporangiophore swells to form a globose sporangium that contains uninucleate, haploid sporangiospores. An extension of the sporangiophore called the columella protrudes into the sporangium.
The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
Sexual reproduction in Glomeromycotina is unknown, although its occurrence is inferred from genomic studies. However, specialized hyphae produce chlamydospore-like spores asexually; these may be borne at terminal (apical) or lateral positions on the hyphae, or intercalary (formed within the hypha, between sub-apical cells). [ 8 ]
O. R. Collins showed that the slime mold Didymium iridis had two strains (+ and −) of cells, equivalent to gametes, that these could form immortal cell lines in culture, and that the system was controlled by alleles of a single gene. This made the species a model organism for exploring incompatibility, asexual reproduction, and mating types. [59]
Rhizopus stolonifer can reproduce asexually and sexually. It is a heterothallic species. [3] Sexual reproduction occurs when compatible haploid mating types in the form of hyphae make contact with each other, producing diploid zygospores. The sporangiophore contains both '+' and '−' mating type strains in the form of sporangiospores. [11]