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Civil discourse is the practice of deliberating about matters of public concern in a way that seeks to expand knowledge and promote understanding. The word "civil" relates directly to civic in the sense of being oriented toward public life, [1] [2] and less directly to civility, in the sense of mere politeness.
Path dependence is a concept in the social sciences, referring to processes where past events or decisions constrain later events or decisions. [1] [2] It can be used to refer to outcomes at a single point in time or to long-run equilibria of a process. [3]
The meaning is simply describing something that is the case in the world. In contrast, the proposition, "Santa Claus is eating a cookie right now", describes events that are happening at the time the proposition is uttered. Semantic-referential meaning is also present in meta-semantical statements such as: Tiger: carnivorous, a mammal
Oral tradition is memories, knowledge, and expression held in common by a group over many generations: it is the long preservation of immediate or contemporaneous testimony. [ 1 ] [ 14 ] It may be defined as the recall and transmission of specific, preserved textual and cultural knowledge through vocal utterance.
Logical reasoning – Process of drawing correct inferences; Negotiation theory – Study of negotiations; Pars destruens and pars construens – Complementary parts of argumentation; Policy debate – Form of competitive debate Stock issues – Five subtopical issues in policy debate; Presumption – In law, an inference of a particular fact
Some online debate communities and forums practice Policy Debate through uploaded speeches and preset word counts to represent time limits present in the offline debate. [64] Those online debates typically feature long periods of theoretical prep time, as well as the ability to research during a round or to step away from attending online.
Presidential debate: See reactions, facial expressions of candidates Vice President Kamala Harris and former President Donald Trump greet before their first presidential debate in Philadelphia on ...
In policy debate, fiating the plan is almost always granted without argument, to help debaters and judges evaluate the merits of a plan as though the plan happens. From there, debate ensues, and it is valid to argue that the Affirmative plan is more expensive in dollars than the Negative counterplan, for example, where fiat is granted to both ...