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A Sudoku may also be modelled as a constraint satisfaction problem. In his paper Sudoku as a Constraint Problem, [14] Helmut Simonis describes many reasoning algorithms based on constraints which can be applied to model and solve problems. Some constraint solvers include a method to model and solve Sudokus, and a program may require fewer than ...
The constraints of Sudoku codes are non-linear: all symbols within a constraint (row, line, sub-grid) must be different from any other symbol within this constraint. Hence there is no all-zero codeword in Sudoku codes. Sudoku codes can be represented by probabilistic graphical model in which they take the form of a low-density parity-check code ...
The Dancing Links algorithm solving a polycube puzzle In computer science , dancing links ( DLX ) is a technique for adding and deleting a node from a circular doubly linked list . It is particularly useful for efficiently implementing backtracking algorithms, such as Knuth's Algorithm X for the exact cover problem . [ 1 ]
Backtracking is an important tool for solving constraint satisfaction problems, [2] such as crosswords, verbal arithmetic, Sudoku, and many other puzzles. It is often the most convenient technique for parsing , [ 3 ] for the knapsack problem and other combinatorial optimization problems.
Dev-C++ is a free full-featured integrated development environment (IDE) distributed under the GNU General Public License for programming in C and C++. It was originally developed by Colin Laplace and was first released in 1998. It is written in Delphi. It is bundled with, and uses, the MinGW or TDM-GCC 64bit port of the GCC as its compiler.
A Sudoku whose regions are not (necessarily) square or rectangular is known as a Jigsaw Sudoku. In particular, an N × N square where N is prime can only be tiled with irregular N -ominoes . For small values of N the number of ways to tile the square (excluding symmetries) has been computed (sequence A172477 in the OEIS ). [ 10 ]
Minion, an open-source constraint solver written in C++, with a small language for the purpose of specifying models/problems. ZDC, an open source program developed in the Computer-Aided Constraint Satisfaction Project for modelling and solving constraint satisfaction problems.
Solving Sudoku is an exact cover problem. More precisely, solving Sudoku is an exact hitting set problem, which is equivalent to an exact cover problem, when viewed as a problem to select possibilities such that each constraint set contains (i.e., is hit by) exactly one selected possibility.