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From the start of 1948, the railways were nationalised to form British Railways (latterly "British Rail") under the control of the British Transport Commission. [51] Though there were few initial changes to the service, usage increased and the network became profitable. Regeneration of track and stations was completed by 1954.
A History of the Great North of Scotland Railway ((reprint of 1950 edition published by Locomotive Publishing) ed.). Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-2592-4. H.A.Vallance (June 1996). History of the Railways of the Scottish Highlands: Highland Railway. House of Lochar. ISBN 1-899863-07-9. Thomas, John (November 1969). The North British Railway Vol 1 ...
British Railways (BR), which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was a state-owned company that operated most rail transport in Great Britain from 1948 to 1997. Originally a trading brand of the Railway Executive of the British Transport Commission, it became an independent statutory corporation in January 1963, when it was formally renamed the British Railways Board.
From the start of 1948, the "big four" were nationalised to form British Railways (latterly British Rail) under the control of the British Transport Commission. Although BR was a single entity, it was divided into six (later five) regional authorities in accordance with the existing areas of operation.
Here, the vast majority of the railway system standardised on the standard gauge of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm). History of rail transport in Ireland discusses the history of rail transport on the island of Ireland, comprising the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Here a system using a broad gauge of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) developed.
The history of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 covers the period up to the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the world's first intercity passenger railway operated solely by steam locomotives. The earliest form of railways, horse-drawn wagonways, originated in Germany in the 16th century. Soon wagonways were also built in ...
However, regular passenger services did not start until 1831. 1828 – Railway (horse-drawn carriage) České Budějovice – Linz, first public railway in continental Europe, with length 120 km and rail gauge 1,106 mm (3 ft 7 1⁄2 in), section České Budějovice – Kerschbaum put into operation on 30 September 1828. [citation needed]
Rail technology was introduced to the Ottoman Empire in 1850s, with the first railway in the empire built in 1854 by the British between Cairo and Alexandria. [111] In the modern boundaries of Turkey the first railway was inaugerated in 188, departing from Smyrna , modern day Izmir . [ 112 ]