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  2. Convection–diffusion equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convectiondiffusion...

    The convectiondiffusion equation can be derived in a straightforward way [4] from the continuity equation, which states that the rate of change for a scalar quantity in a differential control volume is given by flow and diffusion into and out of that part of the system along with any generation or consumption inside the control volume: + =, where j is the total flux and R is a net ...

  3. Numerical solution of the convection–diffusion equation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_solution_of_the...

    The convectiondiffusion equation describes the flow of heat, particles, or other physical quantities in situations where there is both diffusion and convection or advection. For information about the equation, its derivation, and its conceptual importance and consequences, see the main article convectiondiffusion equation. This article ...

  4. Hybrid difference scheme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_difference_scheme

    The hybrid difference scheme [1] [2] is a method used in the numerical solution for convectiondiffusion problems. It was introduced by Spalding (1970). It is a combination of central difference scheme and upwind difference scheme as it exploits the favorable properties of both of these schemes.

  5. Onsager reciprocal relations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onsager_reciprocal_relations

    The conservation of mass is expressed locally by the fact that the flow of mass density satisfies the continuity equation: + =, where is the mass flux vector. The formulation of energy conservation is generally not in the form of a continuity equation because it includes contributions both from the macroscopic mechanical energy of the fluid flow and of the microscopic internal energy.

  6. Fick's laws of diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fick's_laws_of_diffusion

    Fick's first law relates the diffusive flux to the gradient of the concentration. It postulates that the flux goes from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration, with a magnitude that is proportional to the concentration gradient (spatial derivative), or in simplistic terms the concept that a solute will move from a region of high concentration to a region of low ...

  7. Darken's equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darken's_equations

    Darken’s equations can be applied to almost any scenario involving the diffusion of two different components that have different diffusion coefficients. This holds true except in situations where there is an accompanying volume change in the material because this violates one of Darken’s critical assumptions that atomic volume is constant.

  8. Finite volume method for three-dimensional diffusion problem

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_volume_method_for...

    Convection is always followed by diffusion and hence where convection is considered we have to consider combine effect of convection and diffusion. But in places where fluid flow plays a non-considerable role we can neglect the convective effect of the flow. In this case we have to consider more simplistic case of only diffusion.

  9. Molecular diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diffusion

    The self-diffusion coefficient of neat water is: 2.299·10 −9 m 2 ·s −1 at 25 °C and 1.261·10 −9 m 2 ·s −1 at 4 °C. [2] Chemical diffusion occurs in a presence of concentration (or chemical potential) gradient and it results in net transport of mass. This is the process described by the diffusion equation.