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  2. Convection–diffusion equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convectiondiffusion...

    The convectiondiffusion equation can be derived in a straightforward way [4] from the continuity equation, which states that the rate of change for a scalar quantity in a differential control volume is given by flow and diffusion into and out of that part of the system along with any generation or consumption inside the control volume: + =, where j is the total flux and R is a net ...

  3. Transport phenomena - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_phenomena

    There are some notable similarities in equations for momentum, energy, and mass transfer [7] which can all be transported by diffusion, as illustrated by the following examples: Mass: the spreading and dissipation of odors in air is an example of mass diffusion. Energy: the conduction of heat in a solid material is an example of heat diffusion.

  4. Numerical solution of the convection–diffusion equation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_solution_of_the...

    The convectiondiffusion equation describes the flow of heat, particles, or other physical quantities in situations where there is both diffusion and convection or advection. For information about the equation, its derivation, and its conceptual importance and consequences, see the main article convectiondiffusion equation. This article ...

  5. Maxwell–Stefan diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell–Stefan_diffusion

    The Maxwell–Stefan diffusion (or Stefan–Maxwell diffusion) is a model for describing diffusion in multicomponent systems. The equations that describe these transport processes have been developed independently and in parallel by James Clerk Maxwell [ 1 ] for dilute gases and Josef Stefan [ 2 ] for liquids.

  6. Fick's laws of diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fick's_laws_of_diffusion

    Fick's first law relates the diffusive flux to the gradient of the concentration. It postulates that the flux goes from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration, with a magnitude that is proportional to the concentration gradient (spatial derivative), or in simplistic terms the concept that a solute will move from a region of high concentration to a region of low ...

  7. Dispersion (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(chemistry)

    The molecules in a drop of food coloring added to water will eventually disperse throughout the entire medium, where the effects of molecular diffusion are more evident. However, stirring the mixture with a spoon will create turbulent flows in the water that accelerate the process of dispersion through convection-dominated dispersion.

  8. Diffusion equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_equation

    The diffusion equation is a parabolic partial differential equation. In physics, it describes the macroscopic behavior of many micro-particles in Brownian motion , resulting from the random movements and collisions of the particles (see Fick's laws of diffusion ).

  9. Molecular diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diffusion

    Diffusion is of fundamental importance in many disciplines of physics, chemistry, and biology. Some example applications of diffusion: Sintering to produce solid materials (powder metallurgy, production of ceramics) Chemical reactor design; Catalyst design in chemical industry; Steel can be diffused (e.g., with carbon or nitrogen) to modify its ...