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A vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft is one that can take off and land vertically without relying on a runway.This classification can include a variety of types of aircraft including helicopters as well as thrust-vectoring fixed-wing aircraft and other hybrid aircraft with powered rotors such as cyclogyros/cyclocopters and gyrodynes.
The Harrier, informally referred to as the Harrier jump jet, is a family of jet-powered attack aircraft capable of vertical/short takeoff and landing operations (V/STOL). Named after a bird of prey, [1] it was originally developed by British manufacturer Hawker Siddeley in the 1960s. The Harrier emerged as the only truly successful V/STOL ...
This is a list of fixed-wing aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landing arranged under manufacturer. The list excludes helicopters, including compound helicopters and gyrocopters, because they are assumed to have this capability. For more detail on subtypes of VTOL, see List of tiltrotor aircraft
The Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey is an American multi-use, tiltrotor military transport and cargo aircraft with both vertical takeoff and landing and short takeoff and landing capabilities. It is designed to combine the functionality of a conventional helicopter with the long-range, high-speed cruise performance of a turboprop aircraft.
A vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, or VTOL, can operate without a runway. VTOL aircraft include helicopters, as well as jets and tiltrotor aircraft that have the advantage of faster airspeeds.
The first conventional flight, using 48–2, took place at Zhukovsky on 9 March 1987, with chief test pilot Sinitsyn at the controls. He made the first hovering flight on 29 December 1989 flying 48–3, and used the same aircraft to make the first complete transition from vertical to high-speed flight and vertical landing on 13 June 1990.
The Ryan X-13 Vertijet (company designation Model 69) is an experimental tail-sitting vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) jet aircraft built by Ryan Aeronautical and flown in the United States in the 1950s. The main objective of the project was to demonstrate the ability of a pure jet to vertically take off, hover, transition to horizontal ...
The Short SC.1 was the first British fixed-wing vertical take-off and landing jet aircraft.It was developed by Short Brothers.It was powered by an arrangement of five Rolls-Royce RB.108 turbojets, four of which were used for vertical flight and one for conventional horizontal flight.