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Microtonality is the use in music of microtones — intervals smaller than a semitone, also called "microintervals".It may also be extended to include any music using intervals not found in the customary Western tuning of twelve equal intervals per octave.
Wilhelm His Sr. (9 July 1831 – 1 May 1904) was a Swiss anatomist and professor who invented the microtome.By treating animal tissue with acids and salts to harden it and then slicing it very thinly with the microtome, scientists were able to further study the organization and function of tissues and cells under a microscope.
The World in Six Songs: How the Musical Brain Created Human Nature is a popular science book written by the McGill University neuroscientist Daniel J. Levitin, and first published by Dutton Penguin in the U.S. and Canada in 2008, and updated and released in paperback by Plume in 2009, and translated into six languages.
12-tone equal temperament chromatic scale on C, one full octave ascending, notated only with sharps. Play ascending and descending ⓘ. 12 equal temperament (12-ET) [a] is the musical system that divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equally tempered (equally spaced) on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 (≈ 1.05946).
The earliest use I have found so far of the word "microtone" is in 1912 (two years before the earliest citation in the OED), but the article disparages the "widespread use" of the word. This suggests that, amongst ethnomusicologists at least, by 1912 "microtonal" and/or "microtonality" had already been in use for some time.
In just intonation the quarter tone can be represented by the septimal quarter tone, 36:35 (48.77 cents), or by the undecimal quarter tone (i.e. the thirty-third harmonic), 33:32 (53.27 cents), approximately half the semitone of 16:15 or 25:24.
Precision-cut kidney slices refer to thin sections of the kidney tissue that are prepared using a microtome to study kidney functions, drug metabolism or disease processes. Researchers use these slices to study the impact of substances on renal function. [13] [14] This includes drug metabolism [15] [16] and the effects of toxic substances. [17]
The kind of katajjaq mentioned above, which mimics the cry of geese, shows some similarities with the practice of the hunters to lure game. [8]Some Inuit used a tool (shaped like a claw) to scratch the ice of the frozen sea in order to attract seals.