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While rural poverty declined from 45.5% in 1995–96 to 23.5% in 2015–16, the urban poverty also declined 33.2% to 14.8% in the same period. Rural poverty rate is twice higher than urban poverty. Informal sector has been the major instant source of employment in Ethiopia rather than formal, which requires specialized skill and working capital ...
In 1985 the government initiated a new relocation program known as villagization. The objectives of the program, which grouped scattered farming communities throughout the country into small village clusters, were to promote rational land use; conserve resources; provide access to clean water and to health and education services; and strengthen security.
Ethiopia is a mostly agrarian rural country [1]: 135 with only its capital, Addis Ababa, having over 1 million people.However the urban population of Ethiopia has expanded dramatically, from 10.8 million in 2002 to 28 million in 2022, [2] a growth of 160%, which has resulted in the urban population as a percentage of the total population growing from 15% to 23% over the same time period. [2]
Crime in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, is safer in comparison of other African cities. However, there are a number of crimes within the city including theft, scams, mugging, robbery and others. Rural-urban migration and unemployment has been preliminary factors affecting the city by elevating crime rate.
Villagization was a land reform and resettlement program in Ethiopia implemented by the Derg in 1985 that aimed to systematize and regulate village life and rural agriculture. Villagization typically involved the relocation of rural communities or nomadic groups to planned villages with communal farmland.
At the same time as influx-control regulations were intensified in South Africa, this kind of regulation was weakened in the newly liberated countries. This led to more rural-urban migration in the newly liberated countries (Rakodi, 1997), and a stable decline in urbanization growth from 1950 to 1990 in South Africa. From figure 1 one can see ...
The combination of declining rural jobs and a persistently high rural fertility rate has led to rural-urban migration streams. Rural flight also contains a positive feedback loop where previous migrants from rural communities assist new migrants in adjusting to city life. Also known as chain migration, migrant networks lower barriers to rural ...
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