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Etoposide, sold under the brand name Vepesid among others, is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatments of a number of types of cancer including testicular cancer, lung cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, and ovarian cancer. [2]
Etoposide, a semi-synthetic derivative of epipodophyllotoxin is commonly used to study this apoptotic mechanism and include: Etoposide; Teniposide; Both etoposide and teniposide are naturally occurring semi-synthetic derivatives of podophyllotoxins and are important anti-cancer drugs that function to inhibit TopII activity. [67]
Etoposide, an epipodophyllotoxin. Epipodophyllotoxins are substances naturally occurring in the root of American Mayapple plant (Podophyllum peltatum). Some epipodophyllotoxin derivatives are currently used in the treatment of cancer. These include etoposide and teniposide. They act as anti-cancer drugs by inhibiting topoisomerase II. [1]
The mechanism of TeNT action can be broken down and discussed in these different steps: Transport. Specific binding in the periphery neurons; Retrograde axonal transport to the CNS inhibitory interneurons; Transcytosis from the axon into the inhibitory interneurons; Action. Temperature- and pH-mediated translocation of the light chain into the ...
This mechanism is distinct from that of the type IA enzymes, and the two groups of enzymes are structurally and evolutionarily unrelated. Examples of type IB topoisomerases include eukaryotic nuclear and mitochondrial topo I in addition to viral topo I, though they have been identified in all three domains of life.
No systematic interaction studies are available. The enzyme inducers phenobarbital and phenytoin have been found to lower its blood plasma concentrations. [4] Theoretically possible interactions include increased plasma concentrations when combined with sodium salicylate, sulfamethizole or tolbutamide, which displace teniposide from plasma protein binding, at least in vitro.
The activity of cysteine proteases is regulated by a few general mechanisms, which includes the production of zymogens, selective expression, pH modification, cellular compartmentalization, and regulation of their enzymatic activity by endogenous inhibitors, which seemingly is the most efficient mechanism associated with the regulation of the ...
For example, ring A is not essential to antimitotic activity. Aromatization of ring C leads to loss of activity, possibly from ring E no longer being placed on the axial position. In addition, the stereochemistry at C-2 and C-3 configures a trans-lactone, which has more activity than the cis counterpart.