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These euphemisms are also used as verbs. For example, instead of saying something has been censored, one might say "it has been harmonized" (Chinese: 被和谐了) or "it has been river-crabbed" (Chinese: 被河蟹了). The widespread use of "river crab" by Chinese netizens represents a sarcastic defiance against official discourse and censorship.
In order to "maintain order" both domestically and abroad, China enacts both policies of non-interventionism and interventionism. [1] Being the world's second largest aid donor, China uses economic policies to intervene internationally, providing developmental aid to over 100 countries, especially to nations sanctioned by Western governments. [1]
The Xinhua Zidian (Chinese: 新华字典; pinyin: Xīnhuá Zìdiǎn), also as Xinhua Dictionary, is a Chinese-language dictionary published by the Commercial Press. The first edition of Xinhua Zidian was published in 1957. The latest version is the 12th edition, which was published in August 2020.
The compilers of the Concise Dictionary of Chinese, the linguist Yuen Ren Chao (1892–1982) and the historian Yang Lien-sheng (1914–1990), were famous Chinese-American scholars who worked in Harvard University wartime Chinese language programs for the War Department. Chao was a visiting professor at Harvard from 1941 to 1946, while Yang ...
[6] However, its use likely gained momentum in the United States after John F. Kennedy employed this trope in presidential campaign speeches in 1959 and 1960, possibly paraphrasing Mumford: [2] "In the Chinese language, the word "crisis" is composed of two characters, one representing danger and the other, opportunity." [7] [8] [9] [10]
'Comprehensive Chinese Word Dictionary'), also known as the Grand Chinese Dictionary, is the most inclusive available Chinese dictionary. Lexicographically comparable to the Oxford English Dictionary , it has diachronic coverage of the Chinese language , and traces usage over three millennia from Chinese classic texts to modern slang.
Among Chinese dissidents and critics of the Chinese government, it's popular [according to whom?] to express internalized racist sentiments which are based on anti-Chinese sentiment, promoting the usage of pejorative slurs (such as shina or locust), [63] [64] [65] or displaying hatred towards the Chinese language, people, and culture.
Sinicization, sinofication, sinification, or sinonization (from the prefix sino-, 'Chinese, relating to China') is the process by which non-Chinese societies or groups are acculturated or assimilated into Chinese culture, particularly the language, societal norms, cultural practices, and ethnic identity of the Han Chinese—the largest ethnic group of China.