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Also actiniform. Describing a collection of low-lying, radially structured clouds with distinct shapes (resembling leaves or wheels in satellite imagery), and typically organized in extensive mesoscale fields over marine environments. They are closely related to and sometimes considered a variant of stratocumulus clouds. actinometer A scientific instrument used to measure the heating power of ...
Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting.The study of meteorology dates back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did not begin until the 18th century.
METAR is a format for reporting weather information. A METAR weather report is predominantly used by aircraft pilots, and by meteorologists, who use aggregated METAR information to assist in weather forecasting. Raw METAR is the most common format in the world for the transmission of observational weather data.
Remote sensing instruments collect data from weather events some distance from the instrument and typically stores the data where the instrument is located and often transmits the data at defined intervals to central data centers. In 1441, King Sejong's son, Prince Munjong, invented the first standardized rain gauge.
Ogimet - online data from meteorological stations of the world, obtained through NOAA free services National Center for Atmospheric Research Archives, documents the history of meteorology Weather forecasting and Climate science - United Kingdom Meteorological Office
Research has been growing significantly since the 2010s, and weather-drone data may in future be added to numerical weather models. [45] [46] Modern weather predictions aid in timely evacuations and potentially save lives and prevent property damage. Commerce provides pilot reports along aircraft routes, [47] and ship reports along shipping routes.
GRIB (GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form [1]) is a concise data format commonly used in meteorology to store historical and forecast weather data. It is standardized by the World Meteorological Organization 's Commission for Basic Systems, known under number GRIB FM 92-IX, described in WMO Manual on Codes ...
Weather reconnaissance aircraft, such as this WP-3D Orion, provide data that is then used in numerical weather forecasts.. The atmosphere is a fluid.As such, the idea of numerical weather prediction is to sample the state of the fluid at a given time and use the equations of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics to estimate the state of the fluid at some time in the future.