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A sculpture representing Ethos outside the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly in Canberra, Australia. Ethos (/ ˈ iː θ ɒ s / or US: / ˈ iː θ oʊ s /) is a Greek word meaning 'character' that is used to describe the guiding beliefs or ideals that characterize a community, nation, or ideology; and the balance between caution and passion. [1]
These include ethos, pathos, and logos, all three of which appear in Aristotle's Rhetoric. [1] Together with those three modes of persuasion, there is also a fourth term called Kairos (Ancient Greek: καιρός), which is related to the “moment” that the speech is going to be held. [2]
The English word ethics has its roots in the Ancient Greek word êthos (ἦθος), meaning ' character ' and ' personal disposition '. This word gave rise to the Ancient Greek word ēthikós (ἠθικός), which was translated into Latin as ethica and entered the English language in the 15th century through the Old French term éthique. [6]
Aristotle's Rhetoric (Ancient Greek: Ῥητορική, romanized: Rhētorikḗ; Latin: Ars Rhetorica) [1] is an ancient Greek treatise on the art of persuasion, dating from the 4th century BCE. The English title varies: typically it is Rhetoric , the Art of Rhetoric , On Rhetoric , or a Treatise on Rhetoric .
Pathos (/ ˈ p eɪ θ ɒ s /, US: / ˈ p eɪ θ oʊ s /; pl. pathea or pathê; Ancient Greek: πάθος, romanized: páthos, lit. 'suffering or experience') appeals to the emotions and ideals of the audience and elicits feelings that already reside in them. [1]
The Greek terms equivalent to Latin mores are ethos (ἔθος, ἦθος, 'character') or nomos (νόμος, 'law'). As with the relation of mores to morality, ethos is the basis of the term ethics, while nomos gives the suffix -onomy, as in astronomy.
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Greek spelling of logos. Logos (UK: / ˈ l oʊ ɡ ɒ s, ˈ l ɒ ɡ ɒ s /, US: / ˈ l oʊ ɡ oʊ s /; Ancient Greek: λόγος, romanized: lógos, lit. 'word, discourse, or reason') is a term used in Western philosophy, psychology and rhetoric, as well as religion (notably Christianity); among its connotations is that of a rational form of discourse that relies on inductive and deductive ...