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  2. Hand cannon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_cannon

    Bronze cannon with inscription dated the 3rd year of the Zhiyuan era (1332) of the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368); discovered in Beijing in 1935. The earliest artistic depiction of what might be a hand cannon—a rock sculpture found among the Dazu Rock Carvings—is dated to 1128, much earlier than any recorded or precisely dated archaeological samples, so it is possible that the concept of a ...

  3. Huochong - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huochong

    Hand cannon from the Chinese Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368). Huochong (simplified Chinese: 火铳; traditional Chinese: 火銃) was the Chinese name for hand cannons. [1] The oldest confirmed metal huochong, also the first cannon, is a bronze hand cannon bearing an inscription dating it to 1298 (see Xanadu gun).

  4. Ōdzutsu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōdzutsu

    Though interpretations of ōdzutsu differ in literature, it is generally regarded as a weapon of forged iron to distinguish it from an ishibiya (a cast bronze hand cannon). Its bullets were about 20 maces (75 g (2.6 oz)). It is fixed to a ring or a wooden frame with only the barrel and fired using a difference fire.

  5. Gunpowder artillery in the Middle Ages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunpowder_artillery_in_the...

    The world's earliest known hand cannon is the Heilongjiang hand cannon dated 1288, which was found in Mongol-held Manchuria. [4] In his 1341 poem, The Iron Cannon Affair , one of the first accounts of the use of gunpowder artillery in China, Xian Zhang wrote that a cannonball fired from an eruptor could "pierce the heart or belly when it ...

  6. Hwacha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hwacha

    The hwacha or hwach'a (Korean: 화차; Hanja: 火車; lit. fire cart [1]) was a multiple rocket launcher and an organ gun of similar design which were developed in fifteenth century Korea.

  7. Heilongjiang hand cannon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heilongjiang_hand_cannon

    The Heilongjiang hand cannon (in 2021), a hand cannon dated to 1288 based on its proximity to a battle between the rebel prince Nayan and Yuan dynasty forces armed with hand cannons. The Heilongjiang hand cannon or hand-gun is a bronze hand cannon [1] manufactured no later than 1288 and is the world's oldest confirmed surviving firearm. [2]

  8. Artillery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery

    Duarte Barbosa ca. 1514 said that the inhabitants of Java were great masters in casting artillery and very good artillerymen. They made many one-pounder cannons (cetbang or rentaka), long muskets, spingarde (arquebus), schioppi (hand cannon), Greek fire, guns (cannons), and other fire-works. In all aspects the Javanese were considered excellent ...

  9. Culverin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culverin

    A culverin was initially an ancestor of the hand-held arquebus, but the term was later used to describe a type of medieval and Renaissance cannon. The word is derived from the antiquated "culuering" and the French couleuvrine (from couleuvre "grass snake", following Latin: colubrinus, lit. 'of the nature of a snake'). [1]