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The Nile [b] (also known as the Nile River or River Nile) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea . The Nile is the longest river in Africa.
Ripon Falls at the northern end of Lake Victoria in Uganda was formerly considered the source of the river Nile.In 1862–63 John Hanning Speke was the first European to follow the course of the Nile downstream after discovering the falls that his intuition had marked as the source of the Nile.
The Nile Basin. The Nile Basin is the part of Africa drained by the Nile River and its tributaries.. Besides being the second largest hydrographic basin in Africa, the Nile Basin is effectively the most notable drainage basin on the continent.
The Nile is also important for navigation, especially for tourism, which makes it necessary to maintain a minimum flow of the Nile year-round. Ecology. Last but not least the Nile River also has ecological functions that require minimum flows to be maintained, especially for the brackish lakes in the Delta (see below under biodiversity).
Rising base levels may also drown the lower courses of rivers creating rias. This happened in the Nile during the Zanclean flood when its lower course became, in a relatively short time, a large estuary extending up to 900 km inland from the Mediterranean coast. [9] Base level change may be related to the following factors: Sea level change [1]
Egyptian civilization has sustained itself utilizing water management and agriculture for some 5,000 years in the Nile River valley. The Egyptians practiced basin irrigation, a form of water management adapted to the natural rise and fall of the Nile River. Since around 3000 BCE, the Egyptians constructed earthen banks to form flood basins of ...
[The Nile river] comes from a very huge lake of the [African] lands). Map of the Nile river showing the location of Jinja in Uganda (near the Murchison Falls) Furthermore, Seneca wrote that the legionaries told him that the water of the Nile River, that jumped through two huge rocks, was coming from a large lake in Africa.
Riverscape of the upper course of the Skógá River . In the upper course of rivers, channels are narrow and gradients are steep. [5] Vertical erosion is the prominent land-forming process. Typical features of upper course riverscapes include: Interlocking spurs; Braided channels; V-shaped valleys; Giant's kettles; Plunge pools; Alluvial fans ...