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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time. [4] Central to the physiologic maintenance of GFR is the differential basal tone of the afferent (input) and efferent (output) arterioles (see diagram).
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of long-term kidney disease, in which either there is a gradual loss of kidney function which occurs over a period of months to years, or an abnormal kidney structure (with normal function).
Risk factors for kidney disease include diabetes, high blood pressure, family history, older age, ethnic group and smoking. For most patients, a GFR over 60 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) is adequate. But significant decline of the GFR from a previous test result can be an early indicator of kidney disease requiring medical intervention.
EGFR may refer to: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a transmembrane receptor protein in humans Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of renal function
Pitting edema over the legs. Fluid in the pleural cavity causing pleural effusion. More commonly associated with excess fluid is pulmonary edema. Fluid in the peritoneal cavity causing ascites. Generalized edema throughout the body known as anasarca. Most of the people with nephrotic syndrome are normotensive but hypertension (rarely) may also ...
A Chem-7 is thus a vital tool when attempting to stabilize a patient. [citation needed] Calcium (Ca 2+) is often considered part of the BMP, [9] [10] though, by definition, it is not part of the CHEM-7. A basic metabolic panel including calcium is sometimes colloquially referred to as a "CHEM-8".
It affects some 3–7% of patients admitted to the hospital and approximately 25–30% of patients in the intensive care unit. [ 48 ] Acute kidney injury was one of the most expensive conditions seen in U.S. hospitals in 2011, with an aggregated cost of nearly $4.7 billion for approximately 498,000 hospital stays. [ 49 ]
But most of these studies were of people already diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis, which lowers the diagnosis sensitivity, so that the prevalence and incidence has ranged from 0.7 per 100,000 in Taiwan to 63.0 per 100,000 in the U.S., and the published incidence has ranged from 0.6 per 100,000 person years to 17.4 per 100,000 person years.