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A public bank is a bank, a financial institution, in which a state, municipality, or public actors are the owners.It is an enterprise under government control. [1] Prominent among current public banking models are the Bank of North Dakota, the Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe in Germany, and many nations' postal bank systems.
The regulation of banking privacy is typically undertaken by a sector-by-sector basis. [5] The most prominent federal law governing banking privacy in the U.S. is the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLB). [5] This regulates the disclosure, collection, and use of non-public information by banking institutions. [5]
Sovereignty and an Empty Purse: Banks and Politics in the Civil War (Princeton University Press. 1970). Klebaner, Benjamin J. American Commercial Banking: A History (Twayne, 1990). online; Mason, David L. From Buildings and Loans to Bail-Outs: A History of the American Savings and Loan Industry, 1831–1995 (Cambridge University Press, 2004).
A rural bank had deposit accounts at a larger bank, that it withdrew from when the need for funds was highest, e.g., in the planting season. [9] These liquidity crises led to bank runs, causing severe disruptions and depressions. The Panic of 1907 was one of the worst panics in US history. [10]
Usage of the term "state bank" varies in other countries. It is often a national bank of some type. In India, the State Bank of India is an Indian multinational public sector bank and financial services statutory body. [5] It is a defined type of bank in India known as a public sector bank, and the largest bank in India. [6]
The public sector, also called the state sector, is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises. Public sectors include the public goods and governmental services such as the military , law enforcement , infrastructure , public transit , public education , along with health care and those working for the ...
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans for the purposes of consumption and investment to make a profit. It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks.
' bank of the Land ', refers to a category of public sector banks that are owned by one or more of the Länder (federated internally self-governing states). Institutions of this type exist in most German states, as well as Austria and Switzerland.