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The origin of the Social Credit System can be traced back to the early 1990s as part of attempts to develop personal banking and financial credit rating systems in China, and was inspired by Western commercial credit systems like FICO, Equifax, and TransUnion. [17]
The scoring system has also been studied as a form of classification to shape an individual's life-chances—a form of economic inequality. [62] The classification scheme is necessitated by the loss of collective social services and risk. [63] The credit scoring system in the United States is similar to the Social Credit System in China. [64]
Prior to the formation of the Fair, Isaac and Company or the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970), early credit scoring systems such as the Retail Credit Company (now Equifax) in Atlanta, Georgia gathered information on individuals' sexual lives, disabilities, their political ideologies, and social behaviors. [20] Today, some scoring systems such ...
Here the data includes the customer's transactional details as well as Bureau-related information. This type of scorecard is also used as an alternate credit score for internal purposes of the institute along with the credit score obtained from the credit bureau. This type of scorecard is also used for identifying the bank's most valuable ...
In Australia, credit scoring is widely accepted as the primary method of assessing creditworthiness. Credit scoring is used not only to determine whether credit should be approved to an applicant, but for credit scoring in the setting of credit limits on credit or store cards, in behavioral modelling such as collections scoring, and also in the pre-approval of additional credit to a company's ...
Other forms of a rating agency include environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) rating agencies and the Chinese Social Credit System. The debt instruments rated by CRAs include government bonds , corporate bonds , CDs , municipal bonds , preferred stock , and collateralized securities, such as mortgage-backed securities and ...
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A sovereign credit rating is the credit rating of a sovereign entity, such as a national government. The sovereign credit rating indicates the risk level of the investing environment of a country and is used by investors when looking to invest in particular jurisdictions, and also takes into account political risk.