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The United Kingdom was afflicted with an outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, also known as "mad cow disease"), and its human equivalent variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), in the 1980s and 1990s. Over four million head of cattle were slaughtered in an effort to contain the outbreak, and 178 people died after contracting ...
It is a type of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. [9] Efforts to prevent the disease in the UK include not allowing any animal older than 30 months to enter either the human food or animal feed supply. [4] In continental Europe, cattle over 30 months must be tested if they are intended for human food. [4]
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy first appeared in the UK in November 1986, when the British Central Veterinary Laboratory discovered a cow with atypical neurological symptoms on a farm in Surrey. Examination of the cow's nervous tissue revealed vacuolation of certain neurons, forming lesions characteristic of scrapie .
The threat of so-called “mad cow disease” has all but faded from the collective memory, after its appearance in U.K. cattle in 1986. Human deaths from the scourge, caused by eating ...
TSEs in non-human mammals include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle – popularly known as "mad cow disease" – and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer and elk. The variant form of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in humans is caused by exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions. [4] [5] [6]
The Over Thirty Months Scheme is a scheme to keep older cattle out of the human foodchain. [1] It is based on the "Over Thirty Months Rule" introduced in the UK on 3 April 1996, as one of several measures to manage the risk associated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) infection was widespread through the carcasses of the sheep, unlike cattle infection which is limited to neural tissues. Scrapie in sheep was underreported and it might be masking BSE, were it present in sheep. Specified risk material (SRM) measures may not be adequate to control human exposure.
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