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A stack may be implemented as, for example, a singly linked list with a pointer to the top element. A stack may be implemented to have a bounded capacity. If the stack is full and does not contain enough space to accept another element, the stack is in a state of stack overflow. A stack is needed to implement depth-first search.
The stack is often used to store variables of fixed length local to the currently active functions. Programmers may further choose to explicitly use the stack to store local data of variable length. If a region of memory lies on the thread's stack, that memory is said to have been allocated on the stack, i.e. stack-based memory allocation (SBMA).
In C++, stack unwinding is only guaranteed to occur if the exception is caught somewhere. This is because "If no matching handler is found in a program, the function terminate() is called; whether or not the stack is unwound before this call to terminate() is implementation-defined (15.5.1)." (C++03 standard, §15.3/9). [18]
When used to implement a set of stacks, the structure is called a spaghetti stack, cactus stack or saguaro stack (after the saguaro, a kind of cactus). [1] Parent pointer trees are also used as disjoint-set data structures. The structure can be regarded as a set of singly linked lists that share part of their structure, in particular, their ...
A class defines an implementation of an interface, and instantiating the class results in an object that exposes the implementation via the interface. [3] In the terms of type theory, a class is an implementation—a concrete data structure and collection of subroutines—while a type is an interface. Different (concrete) classes ...
The stack easily holds more than two inputs or more than one result, so a rich set of operations can be computed. In stack machine code (sometimes called p-code), instructions will frequently have only an opcode commanding an operation, with no additional fields identifying a constant, register or memory cell, known as a zero address format. [1]
*/ /* This implementation does not implement composite functions, functions with a variable number of arguments, or unary operators. */ while there are tokens to be read: read a token if the token is: - a number: put it into the output queue - a function: push it onto the operator stack - an operator o 1: while ( there is an operator o 2 at the ...
PostScript is an example of a postfix stack-based language. An expression example in this language is 2 3 mul ('mul' being the command for the multiplication operation). Calculating the expression involves understanding how stack orientation works. Stack orientation can be presented as the following conveyor belt analogy.