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These deer, over time, have intermixed with the local indigenous deer (O. v. virginianus and/or O. v. macrourus) populations. Central and South America have a complex number of white-tailed deer subspecies that range from Guatemala to as far south as Peru.
The black-tailed deer lives along the Pacific coast from Santa Barbara County, California north to southeastern Alaska. East of the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada in Washington, Oregon and California, black-tailed deer are replaced by phenotypically different mainland mule deer, the latter being much larger, with lighter pelage, more prominent rump patches and larger ears. [2]
Inland, the California mule deer is known from around San Bernardino to as far north as Lassen; many deer inhabit the areas in and around Sequoia National Park, Yosemite, Plumas National Forest, and of course, the Sierra Nevada, its range partly overlapping with that of the Inyo subspecies (O. h. inyoensis). [12]
Cervids range in size from the 60 cm (24 in) long and 32 cm (13 in) tall pudú to the 3.4 m (11.2 ft) long and 3.4 m (11.2 ft) tall moose. Most species do not have population estimates, though the roe deer has a population size of approximately 15 million, while several are considered endangered or critically endangered with populations as low ...
The Beverly herd, whose range spans the tundra from northern Manitoba and Saskatchewan and well into the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, had a peak population in 1994 of 276,000 [53] [54] or 294,000, [13] but by 2011 there were approximately 124,000 caribou in the Beverly herd and 83,300 in the Ahiak herd.
A census of deer populations in 2007 and again in 2011 coordinated by the British Deer Society records the red deer as having continued to expand their range in England and Wales since 2000, [20] with expansion most notable in the Midlands and East Anglia.
A deer (pl.: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family).Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes, among others, muntjac, elk (wapiti), red deer, and fallow deer) and Capreolinae (which includes, among others reindeer (caribou), white-tailed deer, roe deer, and moose).
Where humans have encroached on historic deer habitat by suburban development or orchards, California mule deer diversify their diet with garden plant material, tree fruit, and occasionally, pet food. [6] [8] Fawns and does tend to browse together in familial groupings, while bucks tend to travel singly or with other bucks.