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A reverse somersault in the air. Backflips were banned in competition until 2024. [3]backspin A spin performed on a back outside edge base value A part of the ISU Judging System – a numeric value assigned to each technical element in a skater's program, designed to standardize the elements' potential scores in an attempt to make judging more impartial [4]
Since figure skating was held during the Summer Olympic Games in 1908 and 1920 before being moved to the Winter Olympic, three skaters won medals in figure skating at both the Summer and Winter Games. Men's singles skater Gillis Grafström's first gold medal was earned at the 1920 Summer Olympics. His other three medals were won at the 1924 ...
Sonja Morgenstern skates a compulsory figure.. Compulsory figures or school figures were formerly a segment of figure skating, and gave the sport its name.They are the "circular patterns which skaters trace on the ice to demonstrate skill in placing clean turns evenly on round circles". [1]
Special figures have had a modern renaissance with the founding of the World Figure Sport Society in 2015 and the World Figure & Fancy Skating Championships & Festival on black ice. [2] Special figures are now being competed at the World Figure & Fancy Skating Championships by skating artists including the Maltese Cross, the Swiss S, the Winged ...
The ISU Judging System (IJS) is the scoring system that has been used since 2003 to judge the figure skating disciplines of men's and women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. It was designed and implemented by the International Skating Union (ISU), the ruling body of the sport, and is used in all international competitions sanctioned by ...
Sonja Morgenstern from Germany skates a compulsory figure, 1971. The demise and revival of compulsory figures occurred, respectively, in 1990, when the International Skating Union (ISU) removed compulsory figures from international single skating competitions, and beginning in 2015, when the first competition focusing entirely on figures took place.
According to figure skating historian James R. Hines, jumping in figure skating is "relatively recent". [2] Jumps were viewed as "acrobatic tricks, not as a part of a skater's art" [ 7 ] and "had no place" [ 8 ] in the skating practices in England during the 19th century, although skaters experimented with jumps from the ice during the last 25 ...
Rank Name Nation CF SP FS Points Places 1: Anett Pötzsch East Germany 1: 4: 3: 189.00: 11 2: Linda Fratianne United States 3: 1: 2: 188.30: 16 3: Dagmar Lurz West Germany 2: 5: 6: 183.04: 28 4 Denise Biellmann