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The Battle of Britain (German: Luftschlacht um England, lit. 'air battle for England') was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) of the Royal Navy defended the United Kingdom (UK) against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe.
The Battle of Britain was the first major campaign to be fought entirely by air forces; the British in the defensive were mainly using fighter aircraft, and the Germans used a mixture of bombers with fighter protection. It was the largest and most sustained bombing campaign attempted up until that date.
This is a list of the officially accredited Battle of Britain units with their aircraft types, code letters, call signs and casualties. On 9 November 1960, the Air Ministry published Air Ministry Order N850 which officially defined the qualifications for aircrew to be classified as having participated in the Battle of Britain .
During the Battle of Britain, the defence of the UK's airspace was divided up within RAF Fighter Command into four Groups, each comprising several airfields and squadrons. [ 1 ] The groups involved, 10, 11, 12 and 13, saw very different levels of activity during the battle.
World War II poster containing the famous lines by Winston Churchill The Battle of Britain anniversary parade at Buckingham Palace in 1943.. Winston Churchill summed up the effect of the battle and the contribution of RAF Fighter Command, RAF Bomber Command, RAF Coastal Command and the Fleet Air Arm with the words, "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few". [14]
Great Britain from 1801: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Spain French Republic: Inconclusive or other outcome: Kandyan Wars (1796–1818) Great Britain from 1801: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Kingdom of Kandy: British victory. End of 2357 years of Sinhalese independence; War of the Second Coalition (1797–1802)
Hemingway fought in the Battle of Britain, waged from July to October 1940. His plane was damaged on 18 August while over the Thames Estuary, and he was forced to bail out. He was again shot down over Eastchurch on 26 August; [5] [1] making Hemingway 85 Squadron's first official combat victim over Britain. [7] Five days later he damaged a Bf 109.
Battle of Britain Day, 15 September 1940, is the day on which a large-scale aerial battle in the Battle of Britain took place. [8] [10] [11] [12] [13]In June 1940, the Wehrmacht had conquered most of Western Europe and Scandinavia.