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Rolling resistance, sometimes called rolling friction or rolling drag, is the force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface. It is mainly caused by non-elastic effects; that is, not all the energy needed for deformation (or movement) of the wheel, roadbed, etc., is recovered when the pressure is removed.
There are a number of variables that determine rolling resistance: tire tread, width, diameter, tire construction, tube type (if applicable), and pressure are all important. Smaller diameter wheels, all else being equal, have higher rolling resistance than larger wheels. [49] "Rolling resistance increases in near proportion as wheel diameter is ...
[clarification needed] The approximation can be used with all normal coefficients of rolling resistance . Usually this is assumed to be independent of (speed of the bicycle on the road) although it is recognized that it increases with speed. Measurements on a roller-mechanism give low-speed coefficients of 0.003 to 0.006 for a variety of tires ...
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Removing the tube reduces weight, rolling resistance, and the possibility of “pinch-flatting.” Tubeless tires can run at lower pressures, which improves comfort and grip. They aren’t without ...
A bicycle inner tube with valve stem undergoing a leak test in water. In a pneumatic tire, pressurized air is held inside either with a separate, relatively impermeable inner tube, or by the tire and rim, in a tubeless system. Pneumatic tires are superior in providing effective cushioning while keeping rolling resistance very low.
Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them. Dynamics falls under a branch of physics known as classical mechanics. Bike motions of interest include balancing, steering, braking, accelerating, suspension activation, and vibration. The study of ...