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Myelin is formed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.Therefore, the first stage of myelinogenesis is often defined as the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) or Schwann cell progenitors into their mature counterparts, [4] followed by myelin formation around axons.
The maturation of myelination in intracortical layers coincides with critical period closure in mice, which has led to further research on the role of myelination on critical period duration. [ 37 ] Myelin is known to bind many different axonal growth inhibitors that prevent plasticity seen in critical periods. [ 38 ]
Children's brains contain more "silent synapses" that are inactive until recruited as part of neuroplasticity and flexible learning or memories. [38] [39] Neuroplasticity is heightened during critical or sensitive periods of brain development, mainly referring to brain development during child development. [40]
The process of generating myelin is called myelination or myelinogenesis. In the CNS, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes, which form myelin. In humans, myelination begins early in the 3rd trimester, [ 11 ] although only little myelin is present in either the CNS or the PNS at the time of birth.
It has been shown the p57 induces cells to exit from the cell cycle and begin differentiation, but it is dependent on Cdks. p57 is able to induce neuronal progenitor cells to start differentiating into highly specialized neurons in the cortex. However, the mechanism by which p57 is able to affect such control is not yet known.
A hospital claimed it didn't have the "capacity" to care for a mom in labor, which caused her baby to die of infection at 35 hours old, a lawsuit alleges
One’s biological age, which measures the body’s physiological state, may help predict who is at risk for developing colon polyps, a known risk factor for colorectal cancer.
The white matter in preterm born children is particularly vulnerable during the third trimester of pregnancy when white matter developing takes place and the myelination process starts around 30 weeks of gestational age. [3]