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In 1997, American chiropractic schools tended to have lower entry requirements than medical or dental schools. [6] A 2005 report stated "Early chiropractic education included classes in some basic and clinical sciences along with philosophy of chiropractic."
A similar reform movement began within chiropractic: shortly after the death of B.J. in 1961, a second-generation chiropractor, Samuel Homola, wrote extensively on the subject of limiting the use of spinal manipulation, proposing that chiropractic as a medical specialty should focus on conservative care of musculoskeletal conditions. [65]
American Medical Association, 895 F.2d 352 (7th Cir. 1990), [1] was a federal antitrust suit brought against the American Medical Association (AMA) and 10 co-defendants by chiropractor Chester A. Wilk, DC, and four co-plaintiffs. It resulted in a ruling against the AMA.
[18] [69] Chiropractic is autonomous from and competitive with mainstream medicine, [70] and osteopathy outside the US remains primarily a manual medical system; [71] physical therapists work alongside and cooperate with mainstream medicine, and osteopathic medicine in the U.S. has merged with the medical profession. [70]
Some chiropractic schools offer post-professional degrees in chiropractic specialisms, such as veterinary and rehabilitative chiropractic. In the United States, it is possible to receive board certification in a chiropractic specialism. Board certified chiropractics receive a diploma in the specialism and are known as a diplomate or fellow.
Other countries and regions are in the process of developing similar programs of accreditation; and, in Switzerland, chiropractic is so fully integrated into the health care system that the existence of a separate accrediting agency is thus obviated. The course is taught in university, on the same basis as human medicine.
In 1897, he founded the Palmer School and Cure in Davenport, later renamed Palmer College of Chiropractic. Among Palmer's early students was his son B.J. Palmer. [16] In 1906, Palmer was prosecuted under the new medical arts law in Iowa for practicing medicine without a license, and chose to go to jail instead of paying the fine.
Throughout its history, chiropractic has been the subject of internal and external controversy and criticism. [1] [2] According to magnetic healer Daniel D. Palmer, the founder of chiropractic, "vertebral subluxation" was the sole cause of all diseases and manipulation was the cure for all disease.