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The system can be traced back to the measuring systems of the Hindus [18]: B-9 and the ancient Egyptians, who subdivided the hekat (about 4.8 litres) into parts of 1 ⁄ 2, 1 ⁄ 4, 1 ⁄ 8, 1 ⁄ 16, 1 ⁄ 32, and 1 ⁄ 64 (1 ro, or mouthful, or about 14.5 ml), [19] and the hin similarly down to 1 ⁄ 32 (1 ro) using hieratic notation, [20] as ...
1 pound per square inch (psi) ≈ 6,895 Pa; Torque 1 pound-foot ≈ 1.356 N⋅m; Insulation 1 R-value (ft 2 ⋅°F⋅h/Btu) ≈ 0.1761 R SI (K⋅m 2 /W) Various combination units are in common use; these are straightforwardly defined based on the above basic units. Sizing systems are used for various items in commerce, several of which are U.S ...
In the US, the terms long ton (2240 lb, 1 016.046 9088 kg) and short ton (2000 lb; 907.184 74 kg) are used. The metric ton is the name used for the tonne (1000 kg, 2 204.622 62 lb), which is about 1.6% less than the long ton.
Avoirdupois (/ ˌ æ v ər d ə ˈ p ɔɪ z, ˌ æ v w ɑːr dj uː ˈ p w ɑː /; [1] abbreviated avdp.) [2] is a measurement system of weights that uses pounds and ounces as units. [3] [4] It was first commonly used in the 13th century AD and was updated in 1959. [4]
one Amsterdam pound (scale weight) (Amsterdams pond – waaggewicht) was 494.09 grams, one Gorinchem pound (Gorinchems pond) was 466 grams, one Utrecht heavy pound (Utrechts zwaar pond) was 497.8 grams. After the metric system was introduced in 1816, the word pond continued to be used, but for 1 kilogram.
The British imperial system uses a stone of 14 lb, a long hundredweight of 112 lb and a long ton of 2,240 lb. The stone is not a measurement of weight used in the US. The US customary system uses the short hundredweight of 100 lb and short ton of 2,000 lb. Where these systems most notably differ is in their units of volume.
The US Customary system of units makes use of set of dry units of capacity that have a similar set of names [Note 7] to those of liquid capacity, though different volumes: the dry pint having a volume of 33.6 cubic inches (550 ml) against the US fluid pint's volume of 28.875 cubic inches (473 ml) and the imperial pint of 34.68 cubic inches (568 ...
English-speaking countries also used a system of units of fluid measure, or in modern terminology volume units, based on the apothecaries' system. Originally, the terms and symbols used to describe the volume measurements of liquids were the same as or similar to those used to describe weight measurements of solids [33] (for example, the pound by weight and the fluid pint were both referred to ...