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Banding is a medical procedure which uses elastic bands for constriction. Banding may be used to tie off blood vessels in order to stop bleeding, as in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. [1] The band restricts blood flow to the ligated tissue, so that it eventually dies and sloughs away from the supporting tissue.
This is typically in addition to endoscopic banding or sclerotherapy for the varices. [21] If this is sufficient then beta blockers and nitrates may be used for the prevention of re-bleeding. [21] If bleeding continues then balloon tamponade with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube or Minnesota tube may be used in an attempt to mechanically compress ...
[16] [30] It is the only medication that has been shown to reduce mortality in acute variceal bleeding. [30] This is in addition to endoscopic banding or sclerotherapy for the varices. [13] If this is sufficient then beta blockers and nitrates may be used for the prevention of re-bleeding. [13]
Gastric varices are dilated submucosal veins in the lining of the stomach, which can be a life-threatening cause of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract.They are most commonly found in patients with portal hypertension, or elevated pressure in the portal vein system, which may be a complication of cirrhosis.
A treatment used sometimes is endoscopic band ligation. [27] In 2010, a team of Japanese surgeons performed a "novel endoscopic ablation of gastric antral vascular ectasia". [10] The experimental procedure resulted in "no complications". [10] Relapse is possible, even after treatment by argon plasma coagulation and progesterone. [21]
The use of the tube was originally described in 1950, [1] although similar approaches to bleeding varices were described by Westphal in 1930. [2] With the advent of modern endoscopic techniques which can rapidly and definitively control variceal bleeding, Sengstaken–Blakemore tubes are rarely used at present.
Variable [2] Score 0 Score 1 Score 2 Score 3 Age <60 60- 79 >80 Shock: No shock Pulse >100 BP >100 Systolic SBP <100 : Co-morbidity Nil major CHF, IHD, major morbidity : kidney failure, liver failure, metastatic cancer
In situations where portal pressures increase, such as with cirrhosis, there is dilation of veins in the anastomosis, leading to esophageal varices. [3] Splenic vein thrombosis is a rare condition that causes esophageal varices without a raised portal pressure. Splenectomy can cure the variceal bleeding due to splenic vein thrombosis. [citation ...