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The Codex Mendoza is an Aztec codex, believed to have been created around the year 1541. [1] It contains a history of both the Aztec rulers and their conquests as well as a description of the daily life of pre-conquest Aztec society .
During the 19th century, the word 'codex' became popular to designate any pictorial manuscript in the Mesoamerican tradition. In reality, pre-Columbian manuscripts are, strictly speaking, not codices, since the strict librarian usage of the word denotes manuscript books made of vellum, papyrus and other materials besides paper, that have been sewn on one side. [1]
Part of the first pages of Codex Mendoza, depicting the founding of Tenochtitlan. Florentine Codex, Book 12 on the conquest of Mexico from the Mexica viewpoint.(Cortez's army advancing while scouts report to Moctezuma) Diego Durán: A comet seen by Moctezuma, interpreted as a sign of impending peril.
Page 71 of the Codex Borgia, depicts the sun god, Tonatiuh. The Pre-Hispanic world had a rich tradition of writing and tlacuilolli (the art of painting codices) before Spanish colonization of the Americas when almost every native document was destroyed. The mere thirteen existing pre-Hispanic codices are now separated into three groups ...
Nahuatl glyph of a calmecac (codex Mendoza, recto of the folio 61).. The Calmecac ([kaɬˈmekak], from calmecatl meaning "line/grouping of houses/buildings" and by extension a scholarly campus) was a school for the sons of Aztec nobility (pīpiltin [piːˈpiɬtin]) in the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican history, where they would receive rigorous training in history, calendars ...
Florentine Codex (ca. 1576) with native drawings and Nahuatl text. The largest part of the Mesoamerican literature today known has been fixed in writing after the Spanish conquest. Both Europeans and Mayans began writing down local oral tradition using the Latin alphabet to write in indigenous languages shortly after the conquest.
[1] [2] The name is derived from 3 words in Nahuatl Xococ (Sour) + Nochtli (Prickly pear cactus) + có (Place) “Xoconochco” means (Place of sour cactus) as noted in the Mendoza Codex. The Mayan name for the area was Zaklohpakab. The area was originally defined as far south as the Tilapa River in what is now Guatemala, but when the final ...
A map showing the de Soto route through the Southeast, 1539–1542. The viceroy of New Spain Antonio de Mendoza, for whom is named the Codex Mendoza, commissioned several expeditions to explore and establish settlements in the northern lands of New Spain in 1540–1542. Francisco Vázquez de Coronado reached Quivira in central Kansas.