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  2. Newton's law of cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_cooling

    Physical law relating heat loss to temperature difference. In the study of heat transfer, Newton's law of cooling is a physical law which states that the rate of heat loss of a body is directly proportional to the difference in the temperatures between the body and its environment. The law is frequently qualified to include the condition that ...

  3. Convection (heat transfer) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_(Heat_transfer)

    A hot, less-dense material at the bottom moves upwards, and likewise, cold material from the top moves downwards. Convection (or convective heat transfer) is the transfer of heat from one place to another due to the movement of fluid. Although often discussed as a distinct method of heat transfer, convective heat transfer involves the combined ...

  4. Heat transfer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer

    A hot, less-dense lower boundary layer sends plumes of hot material upwards, and cold material from the top moves downwards. Heat transfer is a discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the generation, use, conversion, and exchange of thermal energy (heat) between physical systems. Heat transfer is classified into various mechanisms, such ...

  5. Human thermoregulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_thermoregulation

    Human thermoregulation. As in other mammals, human thermoregulation is an important aspect of homeostasis. In thermoregulation, body heat is generated mostly in the deep organs, especially the liver, brain, and heart, and in contraction of skeletal muscles. [1] Humans have been able to adapt to a great diversity of climates, including hot humid ...

  6. Thermal conduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conduction

    Thermal conduction (power) is the heat per unit time transferred some distance ℓ between the two temperatures. κ is the thermal conductivity of the material. A is the cross-sectional area of the object. ΔT is the difference in temperature from one side to the other. ℓ is the length of the path the heat has to be transferred.

  7. Thermal balance of the underwater diver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_balance_of_the...

    Surface heat loss may be reduced by insulation of the body surface. Heat is produced internally by metabolic processes and may be supplied from external sources by active heating of the body surface or the breathing gas. [2] Radiation heat loss is usually trivial due to small temperature differences, conduction and convection are the major ...

  8. Heat transfer coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer_coefficient

    In thermodynamics, the heat transfer coefficient or film coefficient, or film effectiveness, is the proportionality constant between the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat (i.e., the temperature difference, ΔT ). It is used in calculating the heat transfer, typically by convection or phase transition between a ...

  9. Convection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection

    A hot, less-dense material at the bottom moves upwards, and likewise, cold material from the top moves downwards. Convection is single or multiphase fluid flow that occurs spontaneously through the combined effects of material property heterogeneity and body forces on a fluid, most commonly density and gravity (see buoyancy).