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In the older notion of nonparametric skew, defined as () /, where is the mean, is the median, and is the standard deviation, the skewness is defined in terms of this relationship: positive/right nonparametric skew means the mean is greater than (to the right of) the median, while negative/left nonparametric skew means the mean is less than (to ...
where S X is the skewness of X and is the standard deviation of X. It follows that the sum of two random variables can be skewed (S X+Y ≠ 0) even if both random variables have zero skew in isolation (S X = 0 and S Y = 0). The standardized rank coskewness RS(X, Y, Z) satisfies the following properties: [4]
In the following, { x i } denotes a sample of n observations, g 1 and g 2 are the sample skewness and kurtosis, m j ’s are the j-th sample central moments, and ¯ is the sample mean. Frequently in the literature related to normality testing, the skewness and kurtosis are denoted as √ β 1 and β 2 respectively.
The nonparametric skew is one third of the Pearson 2 skewness coefficient and lies between −1 and +1 for any distribution. [5] [6] This range is implied by the fact that the mean lies within one standard deviation of any median. [7] Under an affine transformation of the variable (X), the value of S does not change except for a possible change ...
A quantity analogous to the coefficient of variation, but based on L-moments, can also be defined: = / , which is called the "coefficient of L-variation", or "L-CV". For a non-negative random variable, this lies in the interval ( 0, 1 ) [1] and is identical to the Gini coefficient.
where is the beta function, is the location parameter, > is the scale parameter, < < is the skewness parameter, and > and > are the parameters that control the kurtosis. and are not parameters, but functions of the other parameters that are used here to scale or shift the distribution appropriately to match the various parameterizations of this distribution.
Figure 1. A simple bimodal distribution, in this case a mixture of two normal distributions with the same variance but different means. The figure shows the probability density function (p.d.f.), which is an equally-weighted average of the bell-shaped p.d.f.s of the two normal distributions.
In probability theory and statistics, a shape parameter (also known as form parameter) [1] is a kind of numerical parameter of a parametric family of probability distributions [2] that is neither a location parameter nor a scale parameter (nor a function of these, such as a rate parameter).