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Explosive derived contaminants may have adverse effects on the environmental as well as human health. In addition to their military use in warfare, explosives are also used in construction and demolition. Of greatest concern to the environment are secondary explosives, such as TNT, RDX, and HMX because they are produced and used in the greatest ...
Explosives, such as TNT, DNT, and RDX, cause chemical pollution and induce acute intoxication and long-term mutagenic effects in people. TNT is easily absorbed through skin and mucous membranes. Depending on the dose, its cancerogenic effects can induce alopecia, anemia, liver failure, and cataracts, and change blood composition.
Mont-Blanc, laden with high explosives, caught fire and exploded, devastating the Richmond district of Halifax. At least 1,782 people were killed, largely in Halifax and Dartmouth, by the blast, debris, fires, or collapsed buildings, and an estimated 9,000 others were injured. The blast was the largest human-made explosion at the time. [1]
A dramatic example of munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) threat, is the wreck of the SS Richard Montgomery, which was sunk in shallow water about 2.4 kilometres (1.5 miles) from the town of Sheerness and 8.0 kilometres (5 miles) from Southend, still contains 1,400 tons of explosives. In comparison with the World War II wreck of the SS ...
Wars have a direct impact on climate change by increasing carbon emissions and destroying infrastructure. In October 2023 alone, the Israeli army dropped around 25,000 tons of munitions on the Gaza Strip, roughly 1.5 times the explosive force of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima during World War II. [30]
The environmental impact of the petroleum industry is extensive and expansive due to petroleum having many uses. Crude oil and natural gas are primary energy and raw material sources that enable numerous aspects of modern daily life and the world economy.
The effects of a nuclear explosion on its immediate vicinity are typically much more destructive and multifaceted than those caused by conventional explosives. In most cases, the energy released from a nuclear weapon detonated within the lower atmosphere can be approximately divided into four basic categories: [ 1 ]
The environmental impacts of World War II were very drastic, which allowed them to be seen in the Cold War and be seen today. The impacts of conflict, chemical contaminations, and aerial warfare all contribute to reduction in the population of global flora and fauna, as well as a reduction in species diversity.