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Sodium nitrate is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water. It is a readily available source of the nitrate anion (NO 3 − ), which is useful in several reactions carried out on industrial scales for the production of fertilizers , pyrotechnics , smoke bombs and other explosives , glass and pottery enamels , food preservatives (esp ...
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure.
Very soluble <1 calcium nitrate: 158.7 0.63 Freely soluble 1 to 10 calcium chloride: 65 1.54 Soluble 10 to 30 sodium oxalate: 3.9 26 Sparingly soluble 30 to 100 Slightly soluble 100 to 1000 calcium sulfate: 0.21 490 Very slightly soluble 1000 to 10,000 dicalcium phosphate: 0.02 5000 Practically insoluble or insoluble ≥ 10,000 barium sulfate ...
The main nitrate fertilizers are ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium salts. Several billion kilograms are produced annually for this purpose. [1] The significance of nitrate extends beyond its role as a nutrient since it acts as a signaling molecule in plants, regulating processes such as root growth, flowering, and leaf ...
Industrial production of sodium nitrite follows one of two processes, the reduction of nitrate salts, or the oxidation of lower nitrogen oxides. One method uses molten sodium nitrate as the salt, and lead which is oxidized, while a more modern method uses scrap iron filings to reduce the nitrate. [4] [84] NaNO 3 + Pb → NaNO 2 + PbO
ammonium nitrate +25.69 ammonia-30.50 potassium hydroxide-57.61 caesium hydroxide-71.55 sodium chloride +3.87 potassium chlorate +41.38 acetic acid-1.51 sodium hydroxide-44.50 Change in enthalpy ΔH o in kJ/mol in water at 25°C [2]
Sodium nitrate reacts with hydrogen gas: Na + + NO 3 − + 4H 2 → NaOH + NH 3 + 2H 2 O. This removes hydrogen, which poses a fire and explosion hazard and produces ammonia, which is also capable of decomposing organic material, albeit less aggressively than lye. The sodium hydroxide (lye) is consumed by further action of the first reaction.