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Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula NH 4 ClO 4.It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. It is a powerful oxidizer.Combined with a fuel, it can be used as a rocket propellant called ammonium perchlorate composite propellant.
In the 1950s it bought Eston Chemicals, Western Electrochemical, and the Lindsay Chemical Company and further diversified its product line. During the Cold war era it produced ammonium perchlorate for U.S. missile industry, particularly for Falcon, Hawk, Minuteman, Nike Zeus, Pershing, Polaris, Scout, Sergeant, Tartar missiles. [8]
This is a compilation of published detonation velocities for various high explosive compounds. Detonation velocity is the speed with which the detonation shock wave travels through the explosive.
Ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP) is a solid rocket propellant. It differs from many traditional solid rocket propellants such as black powder or zinc-sulfur , not only in chemical composition and overall performance but also by being cast into shape, as opposed to powder pressing as with black powder.
The fuel/catalyst mixture is 90% 600-mesh dark flake aluminium powder, combined with the catalyst that is a mixture of 5% 325-mesh titanium sponge and 5% 200-mesh zirconium hydride [1] (with another patent document [10] listing 5% zirconium hydroxide). The oxidizer is a mixture of 85% 200-mesh ammonium nitrate and 15% ammonium perchlorate. [1]
Ammonium perbromate is much less hygroscopic in comparison to ammonium perchlorate, and has been shown to increase in weight when maintained in an atmosphere with high humidity. [ 2 ] Ammonium perbromate begins to decompose at a temperature between 170 and 180 Celsius, and has been observed to explode on occasion.
A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate). As counterions, there can be metal cations, quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation (NO + 2). The term perchlorate can also describe perchlorate esters or covalent ...
Ammonium perchlorate manufactured for other United States government programs was not held at the PEPCON plant during this period. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic and steel drums were used for in-process and additional storage at the time of the accident, as they had been for many years prior to the Challenger accident. [6]