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A BI-RADS classification of 4 or 5 warrants biopsy to further evaluate the offending lesion. [3] Some experts believe that the single BI-RADS 4 classification does not adequately communicate the risk of cancer to doctors and recommend a subclassification scheme: [4] 4A: low suspicion of malignancy, about > 2% to ≤ 10% likelihood of malignancy
Like the triple test score, BI-RADS employs a numerical scoring system to determine whether a mass is benign or malignant. The triple test score assigns a numerical indicator of 1 to 3 while BI-RADS assigns a numerical indicator of 1 to 6. The BI-RADS scoring for mammograms can be comparable to the triple test score's scoring for mammograms. [2]
The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (aka LI-RADS) is a quality assurance tool created and trademarked by the American College of Radiology in 2011 to standardize the reporting and data collection of CT and MR imaging patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or primary cancer of the liver cells. [1]
Treatment is recommended when patients become symptomatic or experience one of the following: Dangerous drops in their red blood cell or platelet count; A doubling of their white blood cells in 6 months or less; Significant splenomegaly; Severe swelling of the lymph nodes, and/or; Richter transformation [16]
Minimal residual disease (MRD), also known as Molecular residual disease, is the name given to small numbers of cancer cells that remain in a person either during or after treatment when the patient is in remission (no symptoms or signs of disease). Sensitive molecular tests are either in development or available to test for MRD.
Stage 0: carcinoma in situ, abnormal cells growing in their normal place ("in situ" from Latin for "in its place"). Stage 0 can also mean no remaining cancer after preoperative treatment in some cancers (e.g. colorectal cancer). Stage I: cancers are localized to one part of the body. Stage I cancer can be surgically removed if small enough.
This means that while carcinogens are capable of causing cancer, it does not take their risk into account, which is the probability of causing a cancer, given the level of exposure to this carcinogen. [2] The list is up to date as of January 2024. [3]
Dose fractionation effects are utilised in the treatment of cancer with radiation therapy. When the total dose of radiation is divided into several, smaller doses over a period of several days, there are fewer toxic effects on healthy cells. This maximizes the effect of radiation on cancer and minimizes the negative side effects. A typical ...