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The users of the version control system can branch any branch. Branches are also known as trees, streams or codelines. The originating branch is sometimes called the parent branch, the upstream branch (or simply upstream, especially if the branches are maintained by different organizations or individuals), or the backing stream.
Git can be used in a variety of different ways, but some conventions are commonly adopted. The command to create a local repo, git init, creates a branch named master. [61] [111] Often it is used as the integration branch for merging changes into. [112] Since the default upstream remote is named origin, [113] the default remote branch is origin ...
Upstream development allows other distributions to benefit from it when they pick up the future release or merge recent (or all) upstream patches. [1] Likewise, the original authors (maintaining upstream) can benefit from contributions that originate from custom distributions, if their users send patches upstream.
Followed by the advent of distributed version control systems (DVCS), Git naturally enables the usage of a pull-based development model, in which developers can copy the project onto their own repository and then push their changes to the original repository, where the integrators will determine the validity of the pull request. Since its ...
Working copies effectively function as remote backups, which avoids relying on one physical machine as a single point of failure. [5] Allows various development models to be used, such as using development branches or a Commander/Lieutenant model. [6] Permits centralized control of the "release version" of the project [citation needed]
Cherry-picking: move only some revisions from a branch to another one (instead of merging the branches) Bisect : binary search of source history for a change that introduced or fixed a regression Incoming/outgoing : query the differences between the local repository and a remote one (the patches that would be fetched/sent on a pull/push)
The word "fork" has been used to mean "to divide in branches, go separate ways" as early as the 14th century. [2] In the software environment, the word evokes the fork system call, which causes a running process to split itself into two (almost) identical copies that (typically) diverge to perform different tasks.
In version control systems, a repository is a data structure that stores metadata for a set of files or directory structure. [1] Depending on whether the version control system in use is distributed, like Git or Mercurial, or centralized, like Subversion, CVS, or Perforce, the whole set of information in the repository may be duplicated on every user's system or may be maintained on a single ...