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This is a list of mathematical theories. Almgren–Pitts min-max theory; ... Lie theory; M-theory; Measure theory; Model theory; Morse theory; Module theory;
The use of mathematical models to solve problems in business or military operations is a large part of the field of operations research. Mathematical models are also used in music, [3] linguistics, [4] and philosophy (for example, intensively in analytic philosophy). A model may help to explain a system and to study the effects of different ...
Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.
German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss said, "Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics." Number theory also studies the natural, or whole, numbers. One of the central concepts in number theory is that of the prime number , and there are many questions about primes that appear simple but whose ...
The two subjects of mathematical logic and set theory have belonged to mathematics since the end of the 19th century. [46] [47] Before this period, sets were not considered to be mathematical objects, and logic, although used for mathematical proofs, belonged to philosophy and was not specifically studied by mathematicians. [48]
Some theories tend to focus on mathematical practice, and aim to describe and analyze the actual working of mathematicians as a social group. Others try to create a cognitive science of mathematics, focusing on human cognition as the origin of the reliability of mathematics when applied to the real world. These theories would propose to find ...
Malthusian growth model; Mathematical exposure modeling; The Politics of Modelling, Numbers Between Science and Policy; Microscale and macroscale models; Microscopic traffic flow model; Minimum-distance estimation; MiniZinc; Mixed-mating model; Model order reduction; Modelling biological systems; Movable cellular automaton; Multi-compartment ...
List of mathematical functions; List of mathematical identities; List of mathematical proofs; List of misnamed theorems; List of scientific laws; List of theories; Most of the results below come from pure mathematics, but some are from theoretical physics, economics, and other applied fields.