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  2. Metonymy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonymy

    The treatise Rhetorica ad Herennium states metonymy as, "the figure which draws from an object closely akin or associated an expression suggesting the object meant, but not called by its own name." [ 32 ] The author describes the process of metonymy to us saying that we first figure out what a word means.

  3. Thesaurus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesaurus

    Thesaurus Linguae Latinae. A modern english thesaurus. A thesaurus (pl.: thesauri or thesauruses), sometimes called a synonym dictionary or dictionary of synonyms, is a reference work which arranges words by their meanings (or in simpler terms, a book where one can find different words with similar meanings to other words), [1] [2] sometimes as a hierarchy of broader and narrower terms ...

  4. Looking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looking

    "Looking" and "seeing" are traditionally contrasted in a number of ways, although their usage often overlaps. Looking can be characterized as "the action precedent to seeing". [4] Any kind of looking or viewing actually implies "seeing" certain things within the range of view, while not "seeing" others, because they are unimportant at the moment.

  5. Reason - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reason

    Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing valid conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. [1] It is associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, religion, science, language, mathematics, and art, and is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability possessed by humans.

  6. Perspective-taking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective-taking

    Perspective-taking is the act of perceiving a situation or understanding a concept from an alternative point of view, such as that of another individual. [1]A vast amount of scientific literature suggests that perspective-taking is crucial to human development [2] and that it may lead to a variety of beneficial outcomes.

  7. Species complex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_complex

    The butterfly genus Heliconius contains some species that are extremely difficult to tell apart.. In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear.

  8. Close reading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Close_reading

    In literary criticism, close reading is the careful, sustained interpretation of a brief passage of a text. A close reading emphasizes the single and the particular over the general, via close attention to individual words, the syntax, the order in which the sentences unfold ideas, as well as formal structures.

  9. Polysemy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysemy

    a synonym for 'rely upon' (e.g. "I'm your friend, you can bank on me"). It is different, but related, as it derives from the theme of security initiated by 1. However: 1 is borrowed from Italian banco, a money lender's bench, while a river bank is a native English word. Today they can be considered homonyms with completely different meanings ...