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Disadvantageous, if a sample is not carefully selected, results may be biased. Internet survey research, in particular, is problematic with regard to selecting a representative sample. If a study does not document its exact research design and instruments, the results are not transparent, which can lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations.
Psephology (/ s ɪ ˈ f ɒ l ə dʒ i /; from Greek ψῆφος, psephos, 'pebble') is the study of elections and voting. [1] Psephology attempts to both forecast and explain election results. The term is more common in Britain and in those English-speaking communities that rely heavily on the British standard of the language. [citation needed]
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A 2005 study found that campaign visits had no statistically significant effect, after controlling for other factors, on voter turnout in the 1992, 1996, and 2000 elections. [60] On the other hand, a 2017 paper of the 1948 presidential election provides "strong evidence that candidate visits can influence electoral returns". [ 61 ]
Opposition research can also entail using trackers to follow an individual and record their activities or political speeches. [1] The research is usually conducted in the time period between announcement of intent to run and the actual election; however political parties maintain long-term databases that can cover several decades.
The dictionary has been arranged and edited according to the following criteria: All the common words, idioms, proverbs, and modern academic, literary, scientific, and technical terms of the Urdu language have been listed. Only those obsolete words and idioms have been included which are found in ancient books.
A research report is a publication that reports on the findings of a research project. [1]Research reports are produced by many sectors including industry, education, government and non-government organizations and may be disseminated internally, or made public (i.e. published) however they are not usually available from booksellers or through standard commercial publishing channels.
Pakistan studies curriculum (Urdu: مطالعہ پاکستان Muṭāla-e-Pākistān) is the name [1] [2] of a curriculum of academic research and study that encompasses the culture, demographics, geography, history, International Relations and politics of Pakistan.